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Cancer
How to Lower Your Risk of Bladder Cancer
Date: 12/01/10
Now, new research published in Cancer Causes and Control has shown that vitamin E, carotenoids (yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by plants), niacin, thiamine, and vitamin D may reduce the risk of bladder cancer in older people.
According to the European School of Oncology, about 336,000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer every year worldwide, and it is three times more likely to affect men than women. In the UK, bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the eleventh most common cancer in women. Around 10,000 people in the UK are diagnosed with bladder cancer each year. It's rare in people under 40, but the rate rises with age.
Symptoms of bladder cancer
Blood in your urine (haematuria) is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. This may come and go and is often painless.
Other symptoms include:
a burning feeling when passing urine
a need to pass urine frequently
feeling the need to urinate but not being able to
pain in your pelvis
recurrent urinary tract infections
blood clots in your urine (these may cause pain)
It’s important that you visit your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms – but don’t panic, they don’t necessarily mean you have bladder cancer.
Causes of bladder cancer
At the moment, the causes of bladder cancer aren't fully understood. However, you're more likely to develop bladder cancer if you:
smoke - you're three to four times more likely to develop bladder cancer. More concerning is that passive smoking may also increase your risk.
exposure to certain industrial chemicals (e.g. in the rubber, paint, dye, printing and textile industries, gas and tar manufacturing, iron and aluminium processing)
had a long-term infection with the tropical disease bilharzia also known as Schistosomiasis
had long-term or repeated bladder infection
Now, new research published in Cancer Causes and Control has shown that vitamin E, carotenoids (yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by plants), niacin, thiamine, and vitamin D may reduce the risk of bladder cancer in older people.
The results speak for themselves...
In this latest study, Australian researchers, led by Maree Brinkman from The Cancer Council Victoria in Australia, analysed dietary data from 322 people with bladder cancer and 239 healthy controls. A 121-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intakes.
Results of the study showed that, in general, people with the highest average intakes of vitamin E (at least 193.4mgs per day) were 34 per cent less likely to develop bladder cancer. The highest average intakes of phosphorous (1,557mg) were associated with a 51 per cent reduction in bladder cancer risk.
When the researchers focused their analysis on smokers, they found that the highest intakes of vitamin E, carotenoids (18mgs), and niacin (46.5mgs), were associated with a 42, 38, and 34 per cent reduction in bladder cancer risk in heavy smokers.
In older individuals, the highest average intakes of carotenoids, vitamin D (641IU) thiamin (3.35mgs), niacin, and vitamin E were all associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer.
The researchers made the following comment about their findings: “Bladder cancer is a disease that typically affects older people, and bioavailability of B-group vitamins may be compromised in this demographic by certain drugs (e.g. acid lowering agents). Additionally, vitamin E, like carotenoids acts as an antioxidant and, as suggested by our results, could be more beneficial under conditions of the greatest oxidative stress such as smoking and ageing.”
The researchers also called for additional studies to further examine the potentially protective relationship between these vitamins and bladder cancer.
Eating your way to a healthier bladder
Based on these findings, try to incorporate more of these foods in your diet: carotenoids, vitamin E, niacin, thiamine, and vitamin D.
Carotenoids: The most common carotenoids are alpha-carotene (carrots, winter squash, tomatoes, green beans, cilantro and Swiss chard), beta-carotene (sweet potatoes, kale, spinach, turnip greens and fresh thyme), beta-cryptoxanthin (red bell peppers, papaya, cilantro, oranges, corn and watermelon), lutein (kale, green peas, broccoli, papaya and egg), zeaxanthin (zucchini, corn, garden peas and Brussels sprouts), and lycopene (tomatoes, pink grapefruit, watermelon, and guava).
Vitamin E: Foods rich in vitamin E are: wheat germ oil, almonds, sunflower seeds, sunflower oil, hazelnuts, spinach, broccoli, mango and tomato.
Niacin and Thiamine: Foods containing niacin (vitamin B3) and thiamine (vitamin B1) include: beef, pork, chicken, wheat flour, maize flour, eggs milk, peas and roe.
Vitamin D: Whilst the best source of vitamin D is direct sunlight, those of us living in the northern hemisphere do sometimes fall short of this vital vitamin. The best concentrated food sources for vitamin D include salmon, sardines, shrimp, milk, cod, and eggs.
Related Reading:
Cruciferous Vegetables Lower Your Risk Of Bladder Cancer
The Most Promising Alternatives For Treating Cancer
Sources:
Vitamins and minerals may slash bladder cancer risk, by Stephen Daniells, published online 06.01.10, nutraingredients.com
Carotenoids, published online by Linus Pauling Institute, lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/carotenoids
Bladder cancer, published by Bupa's health information team, April 2009, hcd2.bupa.co.uk
Bladder cancer, published by Macmillan Cancer Support’s health information team, macmillan.org.uk
The World Healthiest Foods - whfoods.com
Back to topSymptoms of bladder cancer
Blood in your urine (haematuria) is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. This may come and go and is often painless.
Other symptoms include:
It’s important that you visit your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms – but don’t panic, they don’t necessarily mean you have bladder cancer.
Causes of bladder cancer
At the moment, the causes of bladder cancer aren't fully understood. However, you're more likely to develop bladder cancer if you:
Now, new research published in Cancer Causes and Control has shown that vitamin E, carotenoids (yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by plants), niacin, thiamine, and vitamin D may reduce the risk of bladder cancer in older people.
The results speak for themselves...
In this latest study, Australian researchers, led by Maree Brinkman from The Cancer Council Victoria in Australia, analysed dietary data from 322 people with bladder cancer and 239 healthy controls. A 121-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intakes.
Results of the study showed that, in general, people with the highest average intakes of vitamin E (at least 193.4mgs per day) were 34 per cent less likely to develop bladder cancer. The highest average intakes of phosphorous (1,557mg) were associated with a 51 per cent reduction in bladder cancer risk.
When the researchers focused their analysis on smokers, they found that the highest intakes of vitamin E, carotenoids (18mgs), and niacin (46.5mgs), were associated with a 42, 38, and 34 per cent reduction in bladder cancer risk in heavy smokers.
In older individuals, the highest average intakes of carotenoids, vitamin D (641IU) thiamin (3.35mgs), niacin, and vitamin E were all associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer.
The researchers made the following comment about their findings: “Bladder cancer is a disease that typically affects older people, and bioavailability of B-group vitamins may be compromised in this demographic by certain drugs (e.g. acid lowering agents). Additionally, vitamin E, like carotenoids acts as an antioxidant and, as suggested by our results, could be more beneficial under conditions of the greatest oxidative stress such as smoking and ageing.”
The researchers also called for additional studies to further examine the potentially protective relationship between these vitamins and bladder cancer.
Eating your way to a healthier bladder
Based on these findings, try to incorporate more of these foods in your diet: carotenoids, vitamin E, niacin, thiamine, and vitamin D.
Carotenoids: The most common carotenoids are alpha-carotene (carrots, winter squash, tomatoes, green beans, cilantro and Swiss chard), beta-carotene (sweet potatoes, kale, spinach, turnip greens and fresh thyme), beta-cryptoxanthin (red bell peppers, papaya, cilantro, oranges, corn and watermelon), lutein (kale, green peas, broccoli, papaya and egg), zeaxanthin (zucchini, corn, garden peas and Brussels sprouts), and lycopene (tomatoes, pink grapefruit, watermelon, and guava).
Vitamin E: Foods rich in vitamin E are: wheat germ oil, almonds, sunflower seeds, sunflower oil, hazelnuts, spinach, broccoli, mango and tomato.
Niacin and Thiamine: Foods containing niacin (vitamin B3) and thiamine (vitamin B1) include: beef, pork, chicken, wheat flour, maize flour, eggs milk, peas and roe.
Vitamin D: Whilst the best source of vitamin D is direct sunlight, those of us living in the northern hemisphere do sometimes fall short of this vital vitamin. The best concentrated food sources for vitamin D include salmon, sardines, shrimp, milk, cod, and eggs.
Related Reading:
Cruciferous Vegetables Lower Your Risk Of Bladder Cancer
The Most Promising Alternatives For Treating Cancer
Sources:
Vitamins and minerals may slash bladder cancer risk, by Stephen Daniells, published online 06.01.10, nutraingredients.com
Carotenoids, published online by Linus Pauling Institute, lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/carotenoids
Bladder cancer, published by Bupa's health information team, April 2009, hcd2.bupa.co.uk
Bladder cancer, published by Macmillan Cancer Support’s health information team, macmillan.org.uk
The World Healthiest Foods - whfoods.com
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